23 Lecture - ACCESSING BASE CLASS MEMBER FUNCTIONS IN DERIVED CLASS

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23 Lecture

CS304

Midterm & Final Term Short Notes

ACCESSING BASE CLASS MEMBER FUNCTIONS IN DERIVED CLASS

In object-oriented programming, a derived class inherits properties and behaviors from its base class. To access base class member functions in a derived class, the derived class can use the scope resolution operator (::) followed by the name of


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  1. In object-oriented programming, a derived class can access base class member functions using: a) The dot operator (.) b) The arrow operator (->) c) The scope resolution operator (::) d) None of the above Answer: c) The scope resolution operator (::) If a base class member function is declared as private, it can be accessed directly by the derived class. a) True b) False Answer: b) False In C++, if a base class member function is declared as protected, it can be accessed by: a) The derived class and any other class b) The derived class only c) Any class within the same namespace d) None of the above Answer: b) The derived class only When accessing a base class member function from a derived class, the derived class can modify the base class member function. a) True b) False Answer: b) False When a derived class defines a member function with the same name as a member function in the base class, it is called: a) Method overloading b) Method overriding c) Method shadowing d) None of the above Answer: b) Method overriding In C++, if a base class member function is virtual, it can be overridden by a member function in the derived class. a) True b) False Answer: a) True If a derived class inherits from multiple base classes, and both base classes have member functions with the same name, the derived class can access both functions using the scope resolution operator. a) True b) False Answer: a) True A derived class can access the private member variables of the base class using the scope resolution operator. a) True b) False Answer: b) False If a base class has a constructor with arguments, the derived class must call the base class constructor explicitly in its own constructor. a) True b) False Answer: a) True In C++, the order in which base classes are specified in a derived class declaration affects the order in which their constructors are called. a) True b) False Answer: a) True


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  1. What is the scope resolution operator and how is it used to access base class member functions in a derived class? Answer: The scope resolution operator (::) is used to specify the scope of a member function or variable. To access a base class member function in a derived class, the derived class can use the scope resolution operator followed by the name of the function and the base class name. Can a derived class access a private member function of its base class? If so, how? Answer: No, a derived class cannot access a private member function of its base class directly. It can only access the base class member function through a public or protected member function or by declaring the derived class as a friend class of the base class. How does method overriding work in a derived class? Answer: Method overriding is when a derived class defines a member function with the same name as a member function in the base class. The derived class can modify the behavior of the base class member function by providing a new implementation. When the derived class object calls the member function, the derived class implementation is executed. Can a derived class modify a base class member function? Answer: No, a derived class cannot modify a base class member function directly. It can only modify the behavior of the base class member function by providing a new implementation in the derived class. What is virtual function and how is it used in a derived class to override a base class member function? Answer: A virtual function is a member function in a base class that can be overridden by a member function in a derived class. To override a base class virtual function, the derived class should provide a new implementation of the virtual function with the same signature as the base class virtual function. How is the order in which base classes are specified in a derived class declaration related to the order in which their constructors are called? Answer: The order in which base classes are specified in a derived class declaration determines the order in which their constructors are called. The base class constructors are called in the order they are specified in the derived class declaration, regardless of the order in which they are inherited. Can a derived class access private member variables of its base class? Answer: No, a derived class cannot access the private member variables of its base class directly. It can only access them through public or protected member functions or by declaring the derived class as a friend class of the base class. What is the difference between public, private, and protected inheritance? Answer: Public inheritance makes public members of the base class accessible in the derived class, protected inheritance makes protected members of the base class accessible in the derived class, and private inheritance makes both public and protected members of the base class private in the derived class. How does a derived class call a base class constructor? Answer: A derived class can call a base class constructor explicitly in its own constructor by using the base class name followed by the constructor arguments in the member initializer list of the derived class constructor. Can a derived class have its own private member functions and variables in addition to those inherited from the base class? Answer: Yes, a derived class can have its own private member functions and variables in addition to those inherited from the base class.

In object-oriented programming, inheritance is a powerful mechanism that allows a derived class to inherit properties and behaviors from its base class. One aspect of inheritance is the ability to access base class member functions in a derived class. To access a base class member function in a derived class, the derived class can use the scope resolution operator (::) followed by the name of the function and the base class name. This allows the derived class to call the base class member function as if it were its own. It is important to note that the access level of the base class member function affects how it can be accessed in the derived class. If the base class member function is public, it can be accessed directly by the derived class. If the base class member function is protected or private, it can only be accessed through a public or protected member function in the base class or by declaring the derived class as a friend class of the base class. Method overriding is another important aspect of accessing base class member functions in a derived class. Method overriding occurs when a derived class defines a member function with the same name as a member function in the base class. The derived class can modify the behavior of the base class member function by providing a new implementation. When the derived class object calls the member function, the derived class implementation is executed. Virtual functions are also used in a derived class to override a base class member function. A virtual function is a member function in a base class that can be overridden by a member function in a derived class. To override a base class virtual function, the derived class should provide a new implementation of the virtual function with the same signature as the base class virtual function. In conclusion, accessing base class member functions in a derived class is an essential feature of inheritance in object-oriented programming. By understanding the scope resolution operator, method overriding, and virtual functions, a programmer can effectively utilize inheritance to create powerful and flexible object-oriented programs.

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